| 1. | The ATH is the lowest of the equal-loudness contours.
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| 2. | Fletcher and Munson first measured equal-loudness contours using headphones ( 1933 ).
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| 3. | This describes an equal-loudness contour circuit.
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| 4. | These effects must be considered when comparing results of various attempts to measure equal-loudness contours.
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| 5. | Audible quantization error is reduced by noise shaping the error according to an equal-loudness contour.
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| 6. | In 2003, was revised as equal-loudness contour using data collected from 12 international studies.
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| 7. | The lowest equal-loudness contour represents the quietest audible tone the " absolute threshold of hearing ".
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| 8. | The unit of measurement for loudness levels is the phon, and is arrived at by reference to equal-loudness contours.
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| 9. | The equal-loudness contours are a way of mapping the dB SPL of a pure tone to the perceived loudness level ( LN ) in phons.
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| 10. | A-weighting began with work by Fletcher and Munson which resulted in their publication, in 1933, of a set of equal-loudness contours.
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